// This file is part of Substrate.

// Copyright (C) 2019-2021 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// 	http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

//! System FRAME specific RPC methods.

use std::sync::Arc;

use codec::{self, Codec, Decode, Encode};
use futures::future::{ready, TryFutureExt};
use jsonrpc_core::{
	futures::future::{self as rpc_future, result, Future},
	Error as RpcError, ErrorCode,
};
use jsonrpc_derive::rpc;
use sc_client_api::light::{future_header, Fetcher, RemoteBlockchain, RemoteCallRequest};
use sc_rpc_api::DenyUnsafe;
use sc_transaction_pool_api::{InPoolTransaction, TransactionPool};
use sp_block_builder::BlockBuilder;
use sp_blockchain::{Error as ClientError, HeaderBackend};
use sp_core::{hexdisplay::HexDisplay, Bytes};
use sp_runtime::{generic::BlockId, traits};

pub use self::gen_client::Client as SystemClient;
pub use frame_system_rpc_runtime_api::AccountNonceApi;

/// Future that resolves to account nonce.
pub type FutureResult<T> = Box<dyn Future<Item = T, Error = RpcError> + Send>;

/// System RPC methods.
#[rpc]
pub trait SystemApi<BlockHash, AccountId, Index> {
	/// Returns the next valid index (aka nonce) for given account.
	///
	/// This method takes into consideration all pending transactions
	/// currently in the pool and if no transactions are found in the pool
	/// it fallbacks to query the index from the runtime (aka. state nonce).
	#[rpc(name = "system_accountNextIndex", alias("account_nextIndex"))]
	fn nonce(&self, account: AccountId) -> FutureResult<Index>;

	/// Dry run an extrinsic at a given block. Return SCALE encoded ApplyExtrinsicResult.
	#[rpc(name = "system_dryRun", alias("system_dryRunAt"))]
	fn dry_run(&self, extrinsic: Bytes, at: Option<BlockHash>) -> FutureResult<Bytes>;
}

/// Error type of this RPC api.
pub enum Error {
	/// The transaction was not decodable.
	DecodeError,
	/// The call to runtime failed.
	RuntimeError,
}

impl From<Error> for i64 {
	fn from(e: Error) -> i64 {
		match e {
			Error::RuntimeError => 1,
			Error::DecodeError => 2,
		}
	}
}

/// An implementation of System-specific RPC methods on full client.
pub struct FullSystem<P: TransactionPool, C, B> {
	client: Arc<C>,
	pool: Arc<P>,
	deny_unsafe: DenyUnsafe,
	_marker: std::marker::PhantomData<B>,
}

impl<P: TransactionPool, C, B> FullSystem<P, C, B> {
	/// Create new `FullSystem` given client and transaction pool.
	pub fn new(client: Arc<C>, pool: Arc<P>, deny_unsafe: DenyUnsafe) -> Self {
		FullSystem { client, pool, deny_unsafe, _marker: Default::default() }
	}
}

impl<P, C, Block, AccountId, Index> SystemApi<<Block as traits::Block>::Hash, AccountId, Index>
	for FullSystem<P, C, Block>
where
	C: sp_api::ProvideRuntimeApi<Block>,
	C: HeaderBackend<Block>,
	C: Send + Sync + 'static,
	C::Api: AccountNonceApi<Block, AccountId, Index>,
	C::Api: BlockBuilder<Block>,
	P: TransactionPool + 'static,
	Block: traits::Block,
	AccountId: Clone + std::fmt::Display + Codec,
	Index: Clone + std::fmt::Display + Codec + Send + traits::AtLeast32Bit + 'static,
{
	fn nonce(&self, account: AccountId) -> FutureResult<Index> {
		let get_nonce = || {
			let api = self.client.runtime_api();
			let best = self.client.info().best_hash;
			let at = BlockId::hash(best);

			let nonce = api.account_nonce(&at, account.clone()).map_err(|e| RpcError {
				code: ErrorCode::ServerError(Error::RuntimeError.into()),
				message: "Unable to query nonce.".into(),
				data: Some(format!("{:?}", e).into()),
			})?;

			Ok(adjust_nonce(&*self.pool, account, nonce))
		};

		Box::new(result(get_nonce()))
	}

	fn dry_run(
		&self,
		extrinsic: Bytes,
		at: Option<<Block as traits::Block>::Hash>,
	) -> FutureResult<Bytes> {
		if let Err(err) = self.deny_unsafe.check_if_safe() {
			return Box::new(rpc_future::err(err.into()))
		}

		let dry_run = || {
			let api = self.client.runtime_api();
			let at = BlockId::<Block>::hash(at.unwrap_or_else(||
				// If the block hash is not supplied assume the best block.
				self.client.info().best_hash));

			let uxt: <Block as traits::Block>::Extrinsic = Decode::decode(&mut &*extrinsic)
				.map_err(|e| RpcError {
					code: ErrorCode::ServerError(Error::DecodeError.into()),
					message: "Unable to dry run extrinsic.".into(),
					data: Some(format!("{:?}", e).into()),
				})?;

			let result = api.apply_extrinsic(&at, uxt).map_err(|e| RpcError {
				code: ErrorCode::ServerError(Error::RuntimeError.into()),
				message: "Unable to dry run extrinsic.".into(),
				data: Some(format!("{:?}", e).into()),
			})?;

			Ok(Encode::encode(&result).into())
		};

		Box::new(result(dry_run()))
	}
}

/// An implementation of System-specific RPC methods on light client.
pub struct LightSystem<P: TransactionPool, C, F, Block> {
	client: Arc<C>,
	remote_blockchain: Arc<dyn RemoteBlockchain<Block>>,
	fetcher: Arc<F>,
	pool: Arc<P>,
}

impl<P: TransactionPool, C, F, Block> LightSystem<P, C, F, Block> {
	/// Create new `LightSystem`.
	pub fn new(
		client: Arc<C>,
		remote_blockchain: Arc<dyn RemoteBlockchain<Block>>,
		fetcher: Arc<F>,
		pool: Arc<P>,
	) -> Self {
		LightSystem { client, remote_blockchain, fetcher, pool }
	}
}

impl<P, C, F, Block, AccountId, Index> SystemApi<<Block as traits::Block>::Hash, AccountId, Index>
	for LightSystem<P, C, F, Block>
where
	P: TransactionPool + 'static,
	C: HeaderBackend<Block>,
	C: Send + Sync + 'static,
	F: Fetcher<Block> + 'static,
	Block: traits::Block,
	AccountId: Clone + std::fmt::Display + Codec + Send + 'static,
	Index: Clone + std::fmt::Display + Codec + Send + traits::AtLeast32Bit + 'static,
{
	fn nonce(&self, account: AccountId) -> FutureResult<Index> {
		let best_hash = self.client.info().best_hash;
		let best_id = BlockId::hash(best_hash);
		let future_best_header = future_header(&*self.remote_blockchain, &*self.fetcher, best_id);
		let fetcher = self.fetcher.clone();
		let call_data = account.encode();
		let future_best_header = future_best_header.and_then(move |maybe_best_header| {
			ready(
				maybe_best_header
					.ok_or_else(|| ClientError::UnknownBlock(format!("{}", best_hash))),
			)
		});
		let future_nonce = future_best_header
			.and_then(move |best_header| {
				fetcher.remote_call(RemoteCallRequest {
					block: best_hash,
					header: best_header,
					method: "AccountNonceApi_account_nonce".into(),
					call_data,
					retry_count: None,
				})
			})
			.compat();
		let future_nonce = future_nonce.and_then(|nonce| {
			Decode::decode(&mut &nonce[..])
				.map_err(|e| ClientError::CallResultDecode("Cannot decode account nonce", e))
		});
		let future_nonce = future_nonce.map_err(|e| RpcError {
			code: ErrorCode::ServerError(Error::RuntimeError.into()),
			message: "Unable to query nonce.".into(),
			data: Some(format!("{:?}", e).into()),
		});

		let pool = self.pool.clone();
		let future_nonce = future_nonce.map(move |nonce| adjust_nonce(&*pool, account, nonce));

		Box::new(future_nonce)
	}

	fn dry_run(
		&self,
		_extrinsic: Bytes,
		_at: Option<<Block as traits::Block>::Hash>,
	) -> FutureResult<Bytes> {
		Box::new(result(Err(RpcError {
			code: ErrorCode::MethodNotFound,
			message: "Unable to dry run extrinsic.".into(),
			data: None,
		})))
	}
}

/// Adjust account nonce from state, so that tx with the nonce will be
/// placed after all ready txpool transactions.
fn adjust_nonce<P, AccountId, Index>(pool: &P, account: AccountId, nonce: Index) -> Index
where
	P: TransactionPool,
	AccountId: Clone + std::fmt::Display + Encode,
	Index: Clone + std::fmt::Display + Encode + traits::AtLeast32Bit + 'static,
{
	log::debug!(target: "rpc", "State nonce for {}: {}", account, nonce);
	// Now we need to query the transaction pool
	// and find transactions originating from the same sender.
	//
	// Since extrinsics are opaque to us, we look for them using
	// `provides` tag. And increment the nonce if we find a transaction
	// that matches the current one.
	let mut current_nonce = nonce.clone();
	let mut current_tag = (account.clone(), nonce).encode();
	for tx in pool.ready() {
		log::debug!(
			target: "rpc",
			"Current nonce to {}, checking {} vs {:?}",
			current_nonce,
			HexDisplay::from(&current_tag),
			tx.provides().iter().map(|x| format!("{}", HexDisplay::from(x))).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
		);
		// since transactions in `ready()` need to be ordered by nonce
		// it's fine to continue with current iterator.
		if tx.provides().get(0) == Some(&current_tag) {
			current_nonce += traits::One::one();
			current_tag = (account.clone(), current_nonce.clone()).encode();
		}
	}

	current_nonce
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
	use super::*;

	use futures::executor::block_on;
	use sc_transaction_pool::BasicPool;
	use sp_runtime::{
		transaction_validity::{InvalidTransaction, TransactionValidityError},
		ApplyExtrinsicResult,
	};
	use substrate_test_runtime_client::{runtime::Transfer, AccountKeyring};

	#[test]
	fn should_return_next_nonce_for_some_account() {
		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();

		// given
		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
		let pool =
			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());

		let source = sp_runtime::transaction_validity::TransactionSource::External;
		let new_transaction = |nonce: u64| {
			let t = Transfer {
				from: AccountKeyring::Alice.into(),
				to: AccountKeyring::Bob.into(),
				amount: 5,
				nonce,
			};
			t.into_signed_tx()
		};
		// Populate the pool
		let ext0 = new_transaction(0);
		block_on(pool.submit_one(&BlockId::number(0), source, ext0)).unwrap();
		let ext1 = new_transaction(1);
		block_on(pool.submit_one(&BlockId::number(0), source, ext1)).unwrap();

		let accounts = FullSystem::new(client, pool, DenyUnsafe::Yes);

		// when
		let nonce = accounts.nonce(AccountKeyring::Alice.into());

		// then
		assert_eq!(nonce.wait().unwrap(), 2);
	}

	#[test]
	fn dry_run_should_deny_unsafe() {
		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();

		// given
		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
		let pool =
			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());

		let accounts = FullSystem::new(client, pool, DenyUnsafe::Yes);

		// when
		let res = accounts.dry_run(vec![].into(), None);

		// then
		assert_eq!(res.wait(), Err(RpcError::method_not_found()));
	}

	#[test]
	fn dry_run_should_work() {
		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();

		// given
		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
		let pool =
			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());

		let accounts = FullSystem::new(client, pool, DenyUnsafe::No);

		let tx = Transfer {
			from: AccountKeyring::Alice.into(),
			to: AccountKeyring::Bob.into(),
			amount: 5,
			nonce: 0,
		}
		.into_signed_tx();

		// when
		let res = accounts.dry_run(tx.encode().into(), None);

		// then
		let bytes = res.wait().unwrap().0;
		let apply_res: ApplyExtrinsicResult = Decode::decode(&mut bytes.as_slice()).unwrap();
		assert_eq!(apply_res, Ok(Ok(())));
	}

	#[test]
	fn dry_run_should_indicate_error() {
		sp_tracing::try_init_simple();

		// given
		let client = Arc::new(substrate_test_runtime_client::new());
		let spawner = sp_core::testing::TaskExecutor::new();
		let pool =
			BasicPool::new_full(Default::default(), true.into(), None, spawner, client.clone());

		let accounts = FullSystem::new(client, pool, DenyUnsafe::No);

		let tx = Transfer {
			from: AccountKeyring::Alice.into(),
			to: AccountKeyring::Bob.into(),
			amount: 5,
			nonce: 100,
		}
		.into_signed_tx();

		// when
		let res = accounts.dry_run(tx.encode().into(), None);

		// then
		let bytes = res.wait().unwrap().0;
		let apply_res: ApplyExtrinsicResult = Decode::decode(&mut bytes.as_slice()).unwrap();
		assert_eq!(apply_res, Err(TransactionValidityError::Invalid(InvalidTransaction::Stale)));
	}
}